Definition And Purpose

Geodetic surveying is defined as the determination of positions on the earth's surface with reference to an ellipsoid. Some of the scopes of geodetic surveying are:-

1. Establishment of major geodetic control points/network for the purpose of national mapping and surveying.

2. Establishment of local geodetic points/network for the purpose of deformation studies, urban mapping, utility mapping and large scale engineering project.

3. Establishment of horizontal control points/network for cadastral surveying

4. Establishment of precise height control points/network

5. Establishment of control points for hydrographical survey and navigation for oil exploration industry.

 

Methodology and Instrumentation

The method and equipments generally employed are:-

1. Triangulation Method

   Using at least one second total station for angular measurement of a network of control points, and the use of computer hardware and software for computation and adjustment of the observations meeting the requirement of the Department of Survey and Mapping, Malaysia.

2. Precise Traversing

   Using a medium or long range EDM for angular and distance measurement, and the computation and the adjustment of the observation meeting the requirement of the Department of Survey and Mapping, Malaysia.

3. Precise Levelling

   Using precise level and Invar staff for measurement of relative height over a series of points and the computation and adjustment of the observation meeting the requirement of the Department of Survey and Mapping, Malaysia.

4. Satellite Positioning Method

   Using Global Positioning System (GPS) equipment for data gathering and computer software for processing and adjustment meeting the requirement of the Department of Survey and Mapping, Malaysia